Colonial Era (c. 1757 – 1947 CE)
- The East India Company: European trading interests—starting with the Portuguese and expanding to the British—eventually resulted in the English East India Company taking political and military control of the region.
- The British Raj: Following the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British Crown took direct control of India.
- The Independence Movement: In the 20th century, leaders like Mahatma Gandhi pioneered nonviolent resistance to successfully challenge British colonial authority. [1, 2, 3]
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